Sarcoma

A sarcoma may appear as a painless lump under the skin, often on an arm or a leg. Sarcomas that begin in the abdomen may not cause symptoms until they become very large. As the sarcoma grows larger and presses on nearby organs, nerves, muscles, or blood vessels, symptoms may include:

• Bone pain
• Abdominal pain
• Trouble breathing

Sources: National Cancer Institute and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center 

Risk factors for soft tissue sarcoma include the following:

• Inherited syndromes: Some syndromes that increase the risk of cancer can be passed from parents to children.
• Radiation therapy for cancer: Radiation treatment for cancer increases the risk of developing a sarcoma later.
• Chronic swelling (lymphedema): Lymphedema is swelling caused by a backup of lymph fluid that occurs when the lymphatic system is blocked or damaged.
• Exposure to chemicals: Certain chemicals, such as some industrial chemicals and herbicides, can increase the risk of sarcoma that affects the liver.
• Exposure to viruses: The virus called human herpesvirus 8 can increase the risk of a type of sarcoma called Kaposi's sarcoma in people with weakened immune systems.

Sources: Mayo Clinic and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center 

Surgery is the most common treatment for adult soft tissue sarcoma. Other treatments might be used before or after surgery. Which treatments are best for you will depend on the type of sarcoma, its location, how aggressive the cells are and whether cancer has spread to other parts of your body.

Soft tissue sarcoma may be treated with: 

• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted therapy

Many people feel worried, depressed, and stressed when dealing with cancer. Getting treatment for cancer can be hard on your mind and body. Keep talking with your healthcare team about any problems or concerns you may have.  Work together to ease the effect of cancer and its symptoms on your daily life.

Here are tips:

• Keep your friends and family close: Friends and family can provide the practical support you'll need, such as helping take care of your home if you're in the hospital. And they can serve as emotional support when you feel overwhelmed by cancer.
• Speak with a counselor: The concern and understanding of a counselor, medical social worker, clergy member or cancer support group also may be helpful.
• Educate yourself about Sarcoma to make decisions about your care: Ask your doctor about your cancer, including your test results, treatment options. As you learn more about cancer, you may become more confident in making treatment decisions.

Cancer treatment is also hard on the body. To help yourself stay healthier, try to:

• Eat a healthy diet, with a focus on high-protein foods
• Drink plenty of water, fruit juices, and other liquids
• Keep physically active
• Rest as much as needed
• Talk with your healthcare team about ways to manage treatment side effects
• Take your medicines as directed by your team